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Welcome to Rice Research Station, Tirurkuppam, Tirur - 602 025

About the Station

Started as Paddy Experimental Station in 1942.
Brought under the control of Tamil Nadu Agricultural University in 1981.
Renamed as Rice Research Station in 1982.

Location particulars

Located at Tirurkuppam village in Tiruvallur district. It is located south of Chennai -Arakkonam Railway line and about 1.5Km from Sevvapet Road Railway station and 35 Km from Chennai.

Latitude : 13˚7’N

Longitude : 79˚58’E

Altitude : 39.47m MSL

Average rainfall : 1184mm

Maximum temperature (Mean) : 33.1˚C

Minimum temperature (Mean): 22.5°C

Soil type : Sandy clay, Non-calcareous light brown

Medium fertile

Total area : 15.85 hectares

Cropping area : 12.00 hectares

Crops under cultivation : Rice, Pulses, Oil seeds and Green manures.

Objectives

To evolve high yielding and quality rice varieties suited to upland, semidry and irrigated conditions.
To identify the genomes resistant to Blast, Bacterial leaf streak, Rice Tungro Disease, Rice leaffolder and Rice black bug.
To produce breeder seeds in rice viz., TKM10, TKM11 and TKM (R) 12 and Groundnut TMV 7 nucleus / breeder seeds.
To evolve varieties resistant/ tolerant to saline, alkaline and coastal inland situations.
To develop Integrated Nutrient Management practices and Integrated Pest and Disease Management strategies.
To conduct OFT/MLT/FLD in Farmer’s holdings.
To produce and supply ornamental plants, fruit seedlings and vegetable seeds for the Urban Horticulture Development Centre, Chennai.
To popularise equipments/ implements pertained to rice, pulses and groundnut cultivation among the farmers of Tiruvallur and Kancheepuram districts.
To cater the needs of extension functionaries and farming communities of both Tiruvallur and Kancheepuram districts.

Research achievements

PLANT BREEDING AND GENETICS

Varieties Year of Release

                                TKM 1                      1950
                                TKM 2                      1950
                                TKM 3                      1950
                                TKM 4                      1950
                                TKM 5                      1952
                                TKM 6                      1952

        TKM 7                      1973
        TKM 8                      1976
        TKM 9                      1978
        TKM 10                    1992
        TKM 11                    1998
        TKM (R) 12              2002

TKM 6 attained global importance and widely used as elite donor in pest and diseases resistant programme.

Agronomy

Ø Growing blackgram in Sornavari (April-May), rice in Samba (August - September) and groundnut in Navarai (December - January) was found to be profitable in Tiruvallur and Kancheepuram districts.
Ø Growing rice and blackgram in 4:1 was economical under rainfed farming in Samba season.
Ø Summer ploughing followed by spraying of Thiobencarb @ 1.5 kg a.i/ha 8 days after sowing effectively controlled the weeds in rainfed rice.

SOIL SCIENCE

Ø Application of phosphorous at 75% recommended level of STCR value either as DAP or Super phosphate along with Phosphobacterium and Azospirillum significantly increased the grain yield (15%) in irrigated rice.
Ø Foliar spray of 0.5% ZnSO₄, 0.25% FeSO₄, 0.1% MnSO₄ and CuSO₄ on 20, 40, and 55 DAT along with basal application of Azospirillum and Phosphobacterium @ 2 kg/ha gave 20% increased yield in irrigated rice in all the seasons.
CROP PHYSIOLOGY
Ø Rice entries were not able to survive at 12 dS/m salinity.
Ø The yield reduction due to salinity ranged from 29 to 100 percent.
Ø The grain straw ratio decreased from 0.58 to 0.23 amounting to 61 percent reduction, because of salinity.
Ø Seed hardening agents viz., 1% solution of KCl, DAP, ammonium molybdate, calcium chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 10 per cent solutions of cow’s urine and garlic extract enhanced germination, tillering ability and grain yield in TKM 11 and PMK 1 .
Ø Irrespective of rice entries viz., TKM 11,PMK 2 and ADT 36 the yield was affected under mid-drought stress (55%) followed by early drought (44%) and late drought (11%) compared to control.
AGRICULTURAL ENTOMOLOGY
Ø Rice planted in June increased the greenleafhopper activity which in turnincreased the RTD.
Ø Spraying of Neem Seed Kernel Extract (NSKE) 5% and Ipomoea Spp leaf extract 10% at 10 days interval from panicle initiation effectively controlled the earhead bug damage.
Ø A complete management practices were evolved for Rice black bug. Spraying neem seed kernel extract 5% or Acephate 625 g /ha@ 10% ETL was highly effective against rice black bug.

PLANT PATHOLOGY

Ø Foliar spray of leaf extracts of Vitex negundo 10% or Prosopis juliflora 10% was highly effective for brown spot and grain discolouration.
Ø Leaf extract of Aegle marmelos (Vilvum) 10% as spray effectively checked the leaf blast and neck blast in rice.
Ø Seed treatment with Carbendazim (0.05%) reduce the Fusarium root rot in nursery.
Ø Spraying Edifenphos @ 500 ml/ha at 30, 45 and 60 DAT was very effective for blast, sheath rot and leaf spot.
Ø Combination of Streptomycinsulphate and Tetracycline @ 300 g/ha + Copperoxy chloride @ 1250 g/ha at maximum tillering stage effectively controlled the bacterial leaf blight and bacterial leaf streak in rice.

PLANT CLINIC CENTRE

v Plant clinic centre (PCC) scheme is functioning at this station since 1986 with the following objectives:
v Identification of field problems and suggesting suitable remedial measures by making regular field visits and joint field inspections.
v Conducting Off/On campus training programmes.
v Imparting training on latest techniques to farmers and extension workers.
v Pest and Disease surveillance meetings.
v Imparting training on Oyster and milky mushroom cultivation to unemployed youth and farm women

v Dissemination of technologies through mass media.

v Publication of popular articles in newspapers and farm magazines and distribution of extension literatures.

v Transfer of latest farm technologies through monthly zonal workshops.

v Adoption of villages under TNAU-IVDP in which the farmers are motivated to adopt the proven technologies.

AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

v Popularised drum seeder,groundnut decorticater ,parboiler and ridge former

FUTURE THRUST

q Breeding programmes to evolve drought resistant short and medium duration rice varieties suitable for upland and semidry conditions.
q Breeding programmes to evolve blast, RTD, leaffolder and black bug resistant varieties.
q Collection and maintenance of rice germplasm to study the biotic and abiotic stresses.
q Studies on agronomical methods to combat drought and to reduce labour drudgery in rice transplanting and harvest.
q Studies on rice crop and management of nitrogen fertilization through biofertilizers in irrigated, upland and semidry rice.
q To evolve rice varieties tolerant to saline environment through salinity induction response (SIR) technique.
q To find out effective and economic management practices for major rice pests and diseases through integration of botanicals, biocontrol agents, cultural and behavioral approaches.
q To study the occurrence of RTD causative factors responsible for epiphytotics and to evolve suitable management practices in rice with special emphasis of varietal resistance.